பகுதி 1) தமிழகத்தின் முன்னேற்றத்திற்கு அடித்தளம் இட்டது திமுகவின் 1967-1975 ஆட்சிதான் பகுதி(1)

(பகுதி 1)
தமிழகத்தின் முன்னேற்றத்திற்கு அடித்தளம் இட்டது திமுகவின் 1967-1975 ஆட்சிதான் பகுதி(1)

என்பதற்கான ஆதாரம் இதுவரை வெளிவராத புள்ளி விபரங்களுடன் 160 பக்கங்களில் ஆங்கிலத்தில் உள்ளதை பகுதிகளாக பிரித்து ஆங்கிலத்திலேயே வெளியிட்டுள்ளேன். படித்து சேமித்து பகிருங்கள் நண்பர்களே.

கலைஞரே தமிழகத்தின் வளர்ச்சி நாயகன்

திமுகவின் மெகா சாதனைகள்


Read 👇

ACHIEVEMENTS OF DMK (THE DRAVIDA MUNNETRA KAZHAGAM)

 The scope of social welfare services became very wide and has increased with the emergence of the concept of ‘Welfare State’, which was accepted in almost all the democratic countries of the world.

 People themselves were the
reason for this change of functions of the State in modern times. The aspirations of the people for growth with social justice have permeated the political institutions.


Social Welfare Policies

 The D.M.K. Government realized some of the socio-cultural objectives of the Dravidian Movement. But it could not bring about drastic changes in the life of the poor, as it has promised.

In spite of his major failure, the D.M.K. under the leadership of C.N. Annadurai enjoyed the confidence of the people.
 As the D.M.K. drew its support mostly from backward communities, scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and women in rural areas, it was concerned with their welfare
and the development of Tamil. Annadurai approached the question of making social reforms through governmental legislations, having in mind social integration as his primary aim.

 So while implementing the social reform ideas of the Dravidian movement, Anna’s ministry adopted a broad outlook and it was careful in not earning the ill will of any section of the society.

In this way, the government legalized the ‘Self Respect Marriage’ and patronized the ‘Inter-caste
marriages’.

A corps of volunteers under the name, “prosperity brigade”, was
established to promote social development in rural areas. The only step taken by the Anna ministry in accordance with the policy of Communal justice enunciated
by the Dravidian movement was the provision of free education upto pre-
university course, to the students of schedules castes and backward classes.


Anna was the Chief Minister for just two years and also he was not interested in Chief Ministership. Anna felt that he was a prisoner of circumstances and stated that he was more interested in doing Party work than occupying the Chair
of the Chief Minister. Anna had a genuine desire to work for the poor. He did not conceal his inabilities. He accepted that a wide gap existed between his dreams and the available limited means.

கலைஞர் ஆட்சி

1) மனுநீதி திட்டம் மற்றும் மக்கள் குறைதீர்க்கும் நாள்

 The Karunanidhi Ministry (1969 – 1976) introduced new schemes to
foster social development of the backward people. The manuneethi plan or mass contact programme was launched on 9 July 1969, to redress people’s grievances
on the spot by the revenue officials.

2) தாட்கோ திட்டமும் குடிசை மாற்று வாரியமும்

 The Slum Clearance Board was established in 1970 and it constructed tenements for the welfare of the slum dwellers. The
Harijan Housing Development Corporation, established in 1972, constructed houses in the villages and gave them to Harijans free of cost.

3) தமிழ்நாடு குடிநீர் வடிகால் வாரியம்

The Water Supply and Drainage Board implemented a ten crore rural drinking water scheme.

4) அரசு ஊழியர் குடும்ப நலநிதி

The Family welfare scheme of 1975 provided Rs.10,000 to the family of a deceased Government employee.

5) பிற்படுத்தப்பட்டோர் நலத்துறை

 The Government also created a directorate for the General welfare of the backward classes in 1975.


 6) சுயமரியாதை மற்றும் சாதி ஒழிப்பு

The Karunanidhi Ministry wanted to incorporate the self respect ideals in the administration of socio-economic planning M. Karunanidhi in his 1971
Budget speech in the Assembly underlined the need for the creation of a casteless society. The Government’s move to enable people of all castes to become
archakars (priests) in the Hindu temples was a move in that direction.

 The government gave priority to the backward classes in the government service for instance, between the years 1967 and 1974, 112 candidates from the Backward
Classes were selected out of 122 candidates for the group I services of Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission. Besides, the government has increased the
reservation for backward class in education and government jobs from twenty five percent to thirty one percent.


 While translating its ideological commitments into administrative
policies, the DMK had been careful to balance the policies aiming at the welfare of the socially downtrodden and the policies, which concerned the welfare of the general public.

 The DMK’s policies towards the Non-Brahmin backward
communities, scheduled castes, schedules tribes, women and children stemmed
out of its ideological convictions pertaining to the society and was clearly redistributed in nature. The DMK ruled Tamil Nadu from 1967 to 1976. With no proper administrative experience, it gave the State Government to that did
perform well especially under M. Karunanidhi, an imaginative administrator known for his decisive actions through employing a practical outlook in tackling
the problems.

தீண்டாமை ஒழிப்புக்கு முக்கியத்துவம்

The practice of Untouchability in any form was an offence under the untouchability Act of 1955.
It was enforced by all the State Governments through police Departments and the
progress of enforcement is reviewed by the Director of Harijan Welfare monthly and quarterly.

 The Tamil Nadu Government issued strict standing instructions to
the Inspector General of Police and Collectors to ensure strict implementation of the provisions of the Untouchability Act of 1955. The Untouchability Act of
1955 has prescribed punishment with imprisonment which may extend to six
months or a fine which may go upto Rs.500/-. To ensure vigorous enforcement
of the Untouchability Act.

 The D.M.K. Government recommended to the
Government of India, the amendment of the Act in the following manner.

I. For all initial offences imprisonment upto six months or fine upto
Rs.500/- or both:
1. A minimum punishment of three months and a fine of Rs.50/- for
offences under the Untouchability (offences) Act may be prescribed
except for reasons to be recorded;

2. The maximum jail sentence under the Act may continue to be six months
as at present but the maximum fine to be imposed under the Act may be
reduced from Rs.500/- to Rs.200/-.
II. For each subsequent offence both imprisonment and fine:
3. For the second offence under the Act, imprisonment ranging from six
months to one year, a fine ranging from Rs.200/-to Rs.500/- may be
prescribed;
4. For the third and subsequent offences, a minimum period of
imprisonment of one year and a maximum imprisonment for three years
and fine ranging from Rs.500/- to Rs.1000/- may be prescribed.


In the Untouchability (offence) Amendment and Miscellaneous
Provisions Bill of 1972 introduced in the Lok Sabha on 13 April, the Central Government incorporated all the above suggestions except the one regarding maximum of three years for third and subsequent offences. Instead they have
proposed two years imprisonment.


 The Tamil Nadu Government also set up Mobile Police squads to prevent atrocities committed on the scheduled castes by caste Hindus.

 The Mobile police squads started functioning with effect from the
year 1972 during the D.M.K. rule. The Mobile Police squads were organized in six select districts Coimbatore, Tirunelveli, Tiruchirapalli, Madurai, Thanjavur,
and South Arcot.


Besides the law, a change in the social outlook of the people was quite
essential for the removal of untouchability.

 In fact it is no exaggeration to say that the D.M.K. Government in Tamil Nadu stood as a pioneer in this field compared to other States. It also introduced many welfare schemes for the scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes.

தொடரும்